Objective: We observe throughput of a UE (operating in the n261 band with a channel bandwidth of 100 MHz), moving away from the gNB from 1m to 3.5 Km. The variation of throughput is plotted in both LOS and NLOS states. Since 5G simulations take a long time to complete, and given our goal of studying throughput vs. distance, we have set an unrealistic speed of 20m every 10ms to complete the UE movement in a short time duration.
Open NetSim, Select Examples ->5G NR -> Distance vs Throughput n261 band then click on the tile in the middle panel to load the example as shown in below Figure 4‑49.
Figure 4‑49: List of scenarios for the example of Distance vs Throughput n261 band
NetSim UI displays the configuration file corresponding to this experiment as shown below in Figure 4‑50.
Figure 4‑50: Network set up for studying the Distance vs Throughput n261 band
DL: UL Ratio 4:1#
LOS and NLOS#
The following settings were done to generate this sample:
Step 1: A network scenario is designed in NetSim GUI comprising of 1 gNB, 5G-Core, and 1 UE and 1 Router and 1 Wired Node in the “5G NR” Network Library.
Step 2: Grid Length was set to 5100 m x 5100 m.
Step 3: The device positions are set as per the table given below.
| Device | UE_8 | gNB_7 |
|---|---|---|
| x- axis | 500 | 500 |
| y- axis | 0 | 0 |
Table 4‑52: Device general properties
Step 4: The following properties were set in Interface (5G_RAN) of gNB
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Tx_Power | 40 |
| gNB Height | 10m |
| CA Type | Single Band |
| CA Configuration | n261 |
| DL-UL Ratio | 4:1 |
| Numerology | 3 |
| Channel Bandwidth | 100 MHz |
| MCS Table | QAM64LOWSE |
| CQI Table | TABLE3 |
| Outdoor Scenario | Urban Macro |
| Pathloss Model | 3GPPTR38.901-7.4.1 |
| LOS_NLOS_Selection | User Defined |
| LOS Probability | 1 |
| Shadow Fading Model | None |
| Fading _and_Beamforming | NO_FADING_MIMO_UNIT_GAIN |
| O2I Building Penetration Model | Low Loss Model |
Table 4‑53: gNB >Interface (5G_RAN) >Physical layer properties
Step 5: Set Tx_Antenna_Count and Rx_Antenna_Count as 2 and 2 in gNB properties > Interface(5G_RAN) > Physical Layer.
Step 6: Set Tx_Antenna_Count and Rx_Antenna_Count as 2 and 2 in UE properties > Interface(5G_RAN) > Physical Layer.
Step 7: In the General Properties of UE 8, set Mobility Model as File Based Mobility
Step 8: Two CBR Application were generated from between the Wired_Node_10 and UE_8 with the following values.
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| APP1_CBR_DL | |
| Source | Wired_Node_10 |
| Destination | UE_8 |
| Start Time (s) | 1 |
| Packet Size (Bytes) | 1460 |
| IAT (µs) | 11.68 |
| Generation Rate (Mbps) | 1000 |
| Transport Protocol | UDP |
| APP2_CBR_UL | |
| Source | UE_8 |
| Destination | Wired_Node_10 |
| Start Time (s) | 1 |
| Packet Size (Bytes) | 1460 |
| IAT (µs) | 97.33 |
| Generation Rate (Mbps) | 120 |
| Transport Protocol | UDP |
Table 4‑54: Application Properties
File Based Mobility: In File Based Mobility, users can write their own custom mobility models and define the movement of the mobile users. Create a mobility.txt file for UE’s involved in mobility with each step equal to 4 sec with distance 100 m. The NetSim Mobility File (mobility.txt) format is as follows:
$time 1.0 "$node_(7) 500.0 50 0.0"
$time 1.01 "$node_(7) 500.0 70 0.0"
..
..
$time 2.72 "$node_(7) 500.0 3490 0.0"
$time 2.73 "$node_(7) 500.0 3510 0.0"
Step 9: Plots is enabled in NetSim GUI.
Step 10: Run simulation for 2.75s.
Step 11: Similarly, in LOS, set the LOS Probability to 0 in gNB properties and simulate the scenario for 1.3s.
Results:
Downlink Line-of-Sight (LOS) and Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) Plots
Figure 4‑51: Downlink Application Throughput Plot in LOS mode
Figure 4‑52: Downlink Application Throughput Plot in NLOS mode
Uplink Line-of-Sight (LOS) and Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) Plots
Figure 4‑53: Uplink Application Throughput Plot in LOS mode
Figure 4‑54: Uplink Application Throughput Plot in NLOS mode
Discussion: The downlink throughput of 479.17 Mbps is maintained till \~550m in LOS whereas, it is maintained till 150m in NLOS. Similarly, the uplink throughput of 133.52 Mbps is maintained till 150m in LOS whereas, it is maintained till 130m in NLOS. The Uplink throughput falls to the lowest level at \~750m in LOS and at \~150m in NLOS.
DL: UL Ratio 3:2#
LOS and NLOS#
Step 1: All the properties were set as in DL: UL-Ratio 4:1.
Step 2: In the gNB properties-> Interface 5G_RAN, the DL:UL ratio was set to 3:2.
Step 3: The following settings were done in application properties:
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| APP1_CBR_DL | |
| Source | Wired_Node_10 |
| Destination | UE_8 |
| Start Time (s) | 1 |
| Packet Size (Bytes) | 1460 |
| IAT (µs) | 11.68 |
| Generation Rate (Mbps) | 1000 |
| Transport Protocol | UDP |
| APP2_CBR_UL | |
| Source | UE_8 |
| Destination | Wired_Node_10 |
| Start Time (s) | 1 |
| Packet Size (Bytes) | 1460 |
| IAT (µs) | 38.93 |
| Generation Rate (Mbps) | 300 |
| Transport Protocol | UDP |
Table 4‑55: Application Properties
Step 3: Run simulation for 2.75s.
Step 4: Similarly, in LOS, set the LOS Probability to 0 in gNB properties and run simulation for 1.3s.
Results:
Downlink Line-of-Sight (LOS) and Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) Plots
Figure 4‑55: Downlink Application Throughput Plot in LOS mode
Figure 4‑56: Downlink Application Throughput Plot in NLOS mode
Uplink Line-of-Sight (LOS) and Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) Plots
Figure 4‑57: Uplink Application Throughput Plot in LOS mode
Figure 4‑58: Uplink Application Throughput Plot in NLOS mode
Inference: The downlink throughput of 359.74 Mbps is maintained till \~550m in LOS whereas, it is maintained till 130m in NLOS. Similarly, the uplink throughput of 238.50 Mbps is maintained till 130m in LOS whereas, it is 35.97 Mbps maintained till 130m in NLOS. The Uplink throughput falls to the lowest level at \~750m in LOS and at \~150m in NLOS.